Bitcoin & Cryptocurrency Regulation in Costa Rica

Yes. Buying, holding, selling and using Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies is legal for individuals and businesses in Costa Rica. There is no prohibition on private crypto activity, and people are free to agree among themselves to transact in digital assets.

What crypto is not is legal tender. The Costa Rican colón is the only official currency, and the Banco Central de Costa Rica (BCCR) has stated in official communiqués that crypto-assets are not recognised as legal tender and have no state backing. The central bank does not prohibit their use, treating operations with these assets as carried out under the principle of autonomy of will and without legal coverage. The practical consequences are important:

• No merchant, employer or service provider is obligated to accept crypto as payment, though many choose to.
• Crypto held in private wallets or on exchanges is not covered by the deposit guarantees or consumer protections that apply to bank accounts and the colón.
• If you are paid in crypto or accept it voluntarily, you bear the price and counterparty risk yourself.

In short, Costa Rica neither bans crypto nor endorses it as currency. It treats digital assets as private property that you may use at your own risk.

Costa Rica does not have a single dedicated crypto regulator. Oversight is shared among several public bodies:

• Banco Central de Costa Rica (BCCR): Sets monetary policy and has clarified that cryptocurrencies are not legal tender and are not regulated as an official means of payment.
• SUGEF (Superintendencia General de Entidades Financieras): The supervisor of banks and other financial entities, and the body designated to register and supervise crypto businesses for anti-money-laundering purposes under the new law.
• CONASSIF (Consejo Nacional de Supervisión del Sistema Financiero): The financial-system supervisory council that issues regulations under which SUGEF operates.
• Dirección General de Tributación (DGT), within the Ministerio de Hacienda: The tax authority that determines how crypto is taxed.
• Unidad de Inteligencia Financiera (UIF) of the Instituto Costarricense sobre Drogas: Receives suspicious-transaction reports.

There is no crypto-specific consumer-protection agency, so users carry significant responsibility for vetting the platforms they use.

Costa Rica does not have a comprehensive, crypto-specific code. Instead, digital assets are governed by existing rules plus a newly approved anti-money-laundering reform:

• Law No. 7786 (Anti-Money-Laundering / Counter-Terrorist-Financing law): Costa Rica's AML/CFT framework, which imposes know-your-customer (KYC) and reporting duties on regulated activities. This is the law being amended to cover Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs).
• BCCR communiqués: Establish that crypto is not legal tender and not an official means of payment.
• DGT tax criteria: Treat crypto-assets as intangible assets for tax purposes (see the taxation section below).

The central development is a legislative reform first introduced as Bill 22.837 (filed in 2021), which was later replaced in the legislative process. The successor measure, tracked under legislative file No. 25.340, has been enacted and published in the official gazette (La Gaceta) as Legislative Decree No. 10961. It amends Law No. 7786 by adding Article 15 quater, which subjects VASPs to AML supervision by SUGEF. Publication started the entry-into-force timeline; a deferred period of about three months applies before the reform takes effect, and CONASSIF must issue implementing regulations within about three months after that. Readers should still verify the current status directly with the official sources named below rather than relying on any single secondary summary.

Under Article 15 quater of Law No. 7786, added by Legislative Decree No. 10961, Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs), meaning exchanges, custodians, transfer services and similar businesses, must register with SUGEF. The law is explicit that this registration is not a licence or government authorisation to operate: it is an anti-money-laundering compliance checkpoint, not a seal of approval or guarantee of soundness.

Now that the text is public, the main compliance pillars for registered VASPs are clearer. They must:

• Identify customers and beneficial owners and apply know-your-customer (KYC) and due-diligence measures.
• Apply additional controls for politically exposed persons (PEPs) and for risks from new products, services and technologies.
• Keep transaction records and make them available, and apply controls over virtual-asset transfers.
• Report suspicious transactions, including attempted transactions, confidentially and without delay to the Financial Intelligence Unit (UIF).

The reform also adds an enforcement hook on the banking side: regulated financial institutions and other supervised entities are barred from maintaining business relationships with VASPs that, where required, are not registered with SUGEF. In practice this makes registration a condition of access to the formal financial system. Penalties for non-compliance can range from roughly two to one hundred base salaries, and for certain transaction-reporting failures from 5% to 50% of the value of the transaction involved, according to reporting on the published text. CONASSIF must issue detailed implementing regulations within about three months after the reform enters into force. Until the law and its regulations are fully in force, no standalone crypto operating licence exists, but businesses must still meet general corporate, AML and tax obligations. Anyone planning to operate an exchange or money-transfer service should seek local legal advice and confirm registration requirements with SUGEF before launching.

Crypto can be taxable in Costa Rica depending on how it is used. The Dirección General de Tributación (DGT) has treated crypto-assets as intangible assets for tax purposes, since they are not legal tender. Reflecting positions the DGT has set out (including a 2019 classification and a later official ruling, oficio MH-DGT-OF-0460-2023 of 23 August 2023):

• Personal holdings: Where a gain is taxable, it is generally captured under the tax on capital income and capital gains, calculated as the difference between the disposal price and the acquisition cost (including related fees). The standard capital-gains rate under this regime is 15%. In practice, though, outcomes for individuals are fact-specific. Under Costa Rica's territorial system, foreign-source gains are generally outside scope, and a one-off, non-habitual disposal by an individual may fall outside the capital-gains charge, which is aimed more at habitual activity. So a single personal sale will not always trigger tax; confirm your own position before assuming it does.
• Business activity: Virtual assets linked to a business activity are subject to corporate income tax, and fees charged for exchange, verification or organisation services involving virtual assets can be subject to corporate income tax and VAT.

Costa Rica uses a broadly territorial tax system, which can make individual outcomes fact-specific. The country also signed the multilateral competent authority agreement for automatic exchange of information under the Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF) on 26 November 2024, pointing toward greater cross-border tax transparency for crypto over time; Costa Rica is in the later implementation group, with first exchanges of crypto-asset information expected by 2028. Because treatment varies by situation and is evolving, confirm your obligations with the DGT or a qualified Costa Rican tax professional. For general background see crypto taxes. This is not tax advice.

Anti-money-laundering and counter-terrorist-financing rules are the backbone of Costa Rica's crypto oversight. They flow from Law No. 7786 and the 2026 reform that extends that law to VASPs.

In practice this means:

• Identity verification is standard. Reputable exchanges and crypto businesses require ID and, for larger amounts, additional documentation such as proof of funds.
• Due diligence on beneficial owners. VASPs must identify not just account holders but the real people behind transactions and entities.
• Suspicious-activity reporting. Covered businesses must report suspicious transactions to the Financial Intelligence Unit (UIF) of the Instituto Costarricense sobre Drogas, confidentially and promptly.
• FATF alignment. Even before the new law, banks and payment providers in Costa Rica applied AML/KYC standards aligned with international (FATF) expectations, so crypto users have routinely faced verification.

For everyday users, the main effect is that opening accounts and moving larger sums will involve identity checks and record-keeping.

Costa Ricans can buy crypto through international exchanges, regional platforms, peer-to-peer marketplaces, a growing number of local services and Bitcoin ATMs. There is no government-run exchange and no requirement to use a particular platform.

A typical, lawful path looks like this:

• 1. Choose a reputable platform. Pick a well-established exchange or trusted local/P2P service that serves Costa Rica and offers strong security.
• 2. Complete verification. Provide the identity documents needed to satisfy KYC/AML checks.
• 3. Fund your account. Deposit colones (or supported currencies/stablecoins) by bank transfer, card or another supported method.
• 4. Place your order and review fees. Check the exchange rate and fees before confirming.
• 5. Secure your crypto. For meaningful amounts, withdraw to a wallet you control, ideally a hardware wallet, and back up your recovery phrase offline.
• 6. Keep records. Save transaction details and values for tax and compliance purposes.

Bitcoin ATMs exist, concentrated in San José and tourist areas, and are convenient for small or in-person purchases, though usually at higher fees and spreads than online exchanges. Crypto and stablecoins are also used as an alternative to traditional remittance channels; Costa Rica does not impose hard foreign-exchange controls that block ordinary transfers, but transfer and exchange businesses are subject to AML/KYC duties, and large or frequent transfers may trigger documentation. Always confirm a provider's legitimacy before sending money.

Bitcoin mining is not prohibited in Costa Rica, and the country has a genuine natural advantage: its electricity grid is powered overwhelmingly by renewable sources, chiefly hydropower, with significant geothermal, wind and solar capacity. This makes low-carbon mining technically feasible in a way that is rare globally.

However, prospective miners should be realistic:

• Power access is the real constraint, not legality. The national utility manages the grid, and securing reliable, cost-effective industrial power for mining can be difficult. Connection terms, tariffs and any approvals should be confirmed directly with the relevant authorities and the power provider.
• Costs and policy can shift. Electricity pricing and rules for large industrial consumers may change, affecting profitability.
• Tax and customs apply. Mining hardware imports and mining revenue can carry tax and customs implications; treat mining as a taxable activity and plan accordingly.

Claims that Costa Rica offers blanket tax breaks or dedicated incentives specifically for crypto mining should be verified carefully, as there is no broad, crypto-specific incentive regime confirmed in law. The renewable grid is a real differentiator; guaranteed subsidies are not.

The most significant change is regulatory. After years of debate, Costa Rica moved from an unsupervised model toward formal AML oversight of crypto businesses:

• July 2025: The Legislative Assembly approved a crypto-regulation bill (originating from the long-running Bill 22.837 effort) in first debate, signalling intent to bring VASPs under SUGEF supervision.
• May 2026: The successor measure tracked under legislative file No. 25.340 was approved in second (final) debate and sent to the Executive Branch.
• June 2026: The reform was enacted and published in La Gaceta as Legislative Decree No. 10961, adding Article 15 quater to Law No. 7786. It requires VASPs to register with SUGEF and meet AML/KYC duties, and bars regulated financial institutions from dealing with VASPs that are not registered where required. A deferred period of about three months applies before it takes effect, and CONASSIF must issue implementing regulations within about three months after that.
• November 2024: Costa Rica signed the multilateral competent authority agreement for automatic exchange of crypto-asset tax information under the Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF) on 26 November 2024, with first exchanges of information expected by 2028.

Because legislative status can change quickly and secondary sources sometimes conflict, treat the above as a snapshot and verify the current legal position with the official regulators before relying on it.

Costa Rica's stance is best described as permissive and now moving toward AML supervision, but still light on consumer protection. That creates specific risks:

• Limited recourse: If a platform fails or funds are stolen, protections are far weaker than for regulated bank deposits, which carry no crypto guarantee.
• SUGEF registration is not approval: Once VASP registration takes effect, being registered means a firm has filed AML paperwork, not that the government endorses it or guarantees your funds.
• Regulatory change: Reporting thresholds, VASP obligations and tax treatment may tighten as reforms and CARF take effect.
• Fraud and scams: Fake exchanges, phishing and 'guaranteed return' schemes target crypto users here as elsewhere.
• Volatility: Crypto prices can fall sharply; invest only what you can afford to lose and keep detailed records.

The outlook points toward more formalisation rather than prohibition: Costa Rica appears far more likely to supervise crypto businesses for AML purposes than to ban activity or adopt crypto as legal tender. The safest approach is to use reputable providers, keep good records, and verify the current legal and tax position with official sources before making significant moves.

This guide is general information as of 2026 and is not legal, tax or financial advice. Because Costa Rica's crypto rules are evolving, you should verify the current position directly with the named official regulators before acting. The primary official sources are:

• Banco Central de Costa Rica (BCCR): monetary policy and statements on the status of crypto-assets.
• SUGEF (Superintendencia General de Entidades Financieras): supervision and registration of financial entities and, under the new law, VASPs.
• Ministerio de Hacienda / Dirección General de Tributación: tax administration and crypto tax treatment.

For wider context across countries, see our regulation hub. When in doubt, consult a licensed Costa Rican lawyer or tax adviser for guidance on your specific situation.

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